Essay on The Civil Rights Movement - 4776 Words

In a Democracy the majority does not need any protection, because it is the majority which has control. However, as seen through history, even majorities can be tyrannical, and the minority needs protection from them. â€Å"Civil rights† is the term used when speaking of the privileges, immunities, and practices of freedom which are protected from violation by other citizens. That is the definition of civil rights, although when most people think of civil rights they instantly think it means black civil rights. This is understandable since blacks, more than any other minority group in America, have had the toughest and therefore the best known struggle for equal rights. This is due to the fact that most of the majority believed that†¦show more content†¦This all set the stage for the decade of revolution for Blacks in America. Blacks made more gains during the 1960s than they did in all the decades combined since the Civil War. It was kicked off on May 17, l954, which was the day the Supreme Court ruled that segregation in schools was unconstitutional. In many ways this triggered an awakening amongst Blacks that they could protest against injustice and achieve results. The legislation passed in the 1960s included the overturn of the hated Plessy v. Ferguson case, and laws outlining the complete integration of blacks with the rest of society with laws such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Leaders of the civil rights movement of the late 1800s and early 1900s were not as involved, motivated, or as organized as the leaders of the civil rights movement of the 1960s. While Booker T. Washington was successful in helping blacks catapult themselves into contention with whites economically, he lacked the desire to lead blacks to social equality. W.E.B. Du Bois did attempt to l ead blacks into social equality, but he lacked adequate support from the black majority. Civil rights leaders of the 1960s, such as Martin Luther King Jr., gathered large numbers of supporters during speeches, encouraging active participation in protests for the social, economical, and politicalShow MoreRelatedThe Rise Of The Civil Rights Movement1179 Words   |  5 Pagessegregations. Out of the numerous elements that arose in the 1960s, there are three movements that truly affected the American society. Firstly, the rise of the civil rights movement was greatly influenced by racial discrimination of colored people in the South. Secondly, the women’s movement aimed to convince the society that women are capable of achieving and maintaining higher waged job like males. Lastly, the gay rights movement aimed to gain acceptance and stop discrimination of homosexuality. The mostRead MoreThe Folk Music Of The Civil Rights Movement1208 Words   |  5 PagesResponse Paper #4 The folk music of the Civil Rights Movement â€Å"came out of tradition, common experience, and generations of resistance† (Dunaway 2010: 140). The songs used throughout the movement derived from the shared experiences and struggles of African Americans while connecting â€Å"the gentle, idealistic world of folk music and the integrationist world of civil rights† (Dunaway 2010: 145). Songs, such as â€Å"We Shall Overcome†, were put through the folk process, where a song is passed on and alterationsRead MoreThe Great Leaders Of The Civil Rights Movement1563 Words   |  7 Pages They seem to be forgotten until they are highlighted once again. Another example of a person that was not really highlighted for their actions is Nina Simone. She made an impact on the Civil Right Movement that not many other artist or celebrity would have done. When you think of the Civil Rights Movement the first three that come to mind of course are, Martin Luther King Jr., Malco m X, and Rosa Parks. So, when someone hears the name Nina Simone the two most common responses might be â€Å"Who’sRead MoreSocial Movements : Black Civil Rights2647 Words   |  11 PagesSocial movements are vital to the establishment of our societies, and they way we are governed. Social movements help the less privileged band together to create a stronger voice among a sea of political correctness and unlawfully rule that the public supposedly have to abide by without question. Movements create this new form of platform that, if done successfully, are able to create a worldwide frenzy where people from across all walks of life, including politicians, academics, the less fortunateRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement911 Words   |  4 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement: Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King Jr. changed history not only for African American’s, but for all who live in the United States. Martin was born on January 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia. As a child Martin attended many public segregated schools throughout Georgia until he graduated at the age of fifteen. Following high school, Martin Luther King Jr. attended many colleges such as, Morehouse College, Crozer Theological Seminary, and Boston University. While studyingRead MoreCauses Of The Civil Rights Movement954 Words   |  4 Pagesquote was very much true. Post civil war times were hard on African Americans. Even though at the time they were considered free, they were often criticized and discriminated against. Finally, shootings, brutality, and unfair treatment were enough. In an effort to end racial segregation and discrimination against African-Americans all over the country, they took a stand. This was known as the Civil Rights Movement. There were many interesting events that cause d this movement. The three main causes thatRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Essay1601 Words   |  7 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement â€Å"I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.† This was a speech by Martin Luther King Jr. Even one hundred years after slavery was banned, African Americans were still being treated unfairly. Martin Luther King Jr. was one of the most famous leaders of the Civil Rights movement in the 1960’s. The Civil Rights movement was a movement of AfricanRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Essay1259 Words   |  6 Pages The civil right movement refers to the reform movement in the United States beginning in the 1954 to 1968 led primarily by Blacks for outlawing racial discrimination against African-Americans to prove the civil rights of personal Black citizen. For ten decades after the Emancipation Proclamation, African-Americans in Southern states still live a rigid unequal world of deprive right of citizenship, segregation and various forms of oppression, including race-inspired violence. â€Å"JimRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Essay1190 Words   |  5 Pages The Civil Rights Movement The 13th amendment, passed on the first of January, 1865 abolished slavery throughout America. Although African Americans were considered free after this amendment was approved, they still had a long and arduous struggle to absolute freedom. Before the Civil Rights Act of 1964, segregation in the United States was frequently used throughout many of the Southern and Border States. Schools, bathrooms, libraries, and even water fountains were segregated. Though there wereRead MoreCivil Rights Movement Essay797 Words   |  4 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement, also known as the American Civil Rights, was a mass movement during the 1950s and 1960s. It was one of the most intricate social movements of mankind. The Civil Rights Movement was a period where African Americans did not have the same equal rights or treatment as the whites. Instead, African Americans were segregated from whites by not going to school together, having to sit in the back of the bus, not being able to move freely, or not having the right to vote. Over the

Studying Abroad and Learning Finance Free Essays

studying abroad the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad and learning finance in different countries Research Paper The studying abroad is becoming a hot topic, which concerns by more and more parents. In this modern and competitive society, many wealthy families and even working families all will strive to work in order to save the cost of the tuition of their children’ overseas studying. When their children grow up and start to enter universities or even they are in primary schools, they will be sent to accept more professional knowledge in foreign and developed countries than the domestic. We will write a custom essay sample on Studying Abroad and Learning Finance or any similar topic only for you Order Now Because this situation happened, these parents, especially in developing countries, believe that foreign educational philosophy and methods are more advanced than their countries, a number of students choose study abroad has been growing in recent years. However, under this situation, we should think about whether studying abroad is suitable for these students. Moreover, as we know that it is true that a large proportion of students will choose to study finance in foreign countries’ universities. So what advantages and disadvantages does studying finance in foreign countries have. Some people agree that children should conform to this trend and go to overseas to study as long as their families have enough economic ability. Finance could tell students how to manage and earn money, which might lead students to have a satisfied job and beautiful future. In contrary, I have a view that sending children to study abroad and choosing finance as major blindly is not a sensible decision. Depending on some reports, the number of children who go outside to study that will result in brain drain, in particular for some developing countries, like India and China. Studying finance lindly only causes that students lose the interesting and influences students’ schoolwork in universities. So this essay will discuss the benefits and weakness about studying abroad and studying finance in different countries. First, there is no denying that overseas study and learning finance in foreign countries could bring a lot of demerits for us, but it is an effective and good way to t rain children’ the ability of independent living and studying that let children stay away from their parents and study in other countries. Although, at the beginning, many children will feel lonely and afraid hen they come to an unknown place, meet people of different races and speak another language for the first time, it is these experiences that could teach these international students how to develop themselves and careers in the future without the assistant from their parents. These hard and unforgettable experience will become a valuable wealth. Besides overseas learning can expand the children’s horizons. Basically, living a long time in foreign countries could result in children speaking the second language fluently and learn about another country’s culture and custom deeply. Learning finance overseas that could allow students to better understand and use the knowledge of this subject. For example, in China, it is generally acknowledged that students can only learn some theoretical knowledge from textbooks. The more worrying thing is that university’s living is relaxing and wonderful for Chinese students. After they try to learn in high schools, pass the cruel entrance examination and enter the ranking top universities. The thing they do not know is that university education is more useful for their future than the learning from high schools. So this is the different point between Chinese and western education. It is important that professor will combine of practical and theoretical in foreign finance learning. For instance, universities will give a chance for students to use virtual money to buy and sell stocks to help students truly understand the stock market. In addition, the tuition of international students could develop local economies. For example, as we know that the financial crisis lead to the weakness of the US economy, the property market downturn and high unemployment. So education, especially education for international students, become a new ndustry in America. Secondly, it is obvious that studying finance will give us some demerits in diverse countries. For example, there are many differences in learning finance between at home and abroad. So these students need to understand, adapt to and solve this problem. As we know, it is more difficulty for international students to study in foreign countries than n ative students. This includes this subject finance. We could take the china as a typical example to prove it. In China, finance contains two parts: money banking and international finance. Interestingly, these parts re not called finance in foreign countries, where we learn corporate finance and asset price in finance classes . So if we would like to learn this subject well, we should abandon the domestic point of view and accept diverse foreign thinking. It is harder to give up our own original thoughts and views in mind for these transfer students. This adaptions could need a shorter time for some students who have strong ability. However, it also could be unfortunate for thous who need a long time to adapt, which will lead to students losing confidence and then dropping out. Moreover, international students should learn the business or finance environment at home and abroad. When they graduate from universities, they will naturally face the serious problem looking for jobs. If they would like to find satisfying jobs, they will need professional knowledge and rich work experience. As an international student, it is beneficial that they have many choices in looking for jobs at home or abroad. So we should not only learn basic knowledge well, but also understand the domestic and foreign economic dynamic, which is helpful for students to know what talents and skills this market needs. Thus, we should learn about more financial news around the world. Besides, if international students choose develop their career at domestic, they will bear more pressure than domestic universities’ students. Overseas returnee will become their new name. Most of people also will have this view that they should have better performance and stronger understanding ability due to the special overseas studying experience. So they will get different treatment from superiors and friends. Finally, another disadvantage is that overseas studying could lead to brain drain. The analysis starts with a simple decomposition of the brain drain in two multiplicative components, the degree of openness of sending countries (measured by the average emigration rate) and the schooling gap (measured by the education level of emigrants compared with natives). †(Docquier, Fre ? de ? ric. Lohest, Olivier, and Marfouk, Abdeslam) As we know many students decide by themselves or with their parents to go abroad to learn knowledge in recent years, but when they finish their school work, they are faced with a confusing problem, that to stay or come back. However, they usually choose the former. Take an example as China. A number of students will choose stay in foreign countries to develop their career. Because, in the general, Chinese students prefer to study in some more strong and advanced countries rather than in China. The result is that these students will be attracted by sound medical facilities, advanced educational philosophy, excellent living environment and high-quality people. It is a truth that there will be more pressure and vulnerability in developing countries. So by comparing developing countries with developed countries, these advantages will lead to students stay at oreign countries to work and live. This is also a great help on their next generation of education. Once they make a decision to stay, which will mean their homeland will have in vain spent money and teaching resources to train them in the past two decades. Because when they are young and strong labor, they will do any contribution for development of their mother countries. This will hinder the se countries’ development in education, technology and economic. On the contrary, these international students will purchase something for daily life to pay tax and find obs to work, which all promote local economic development unconsciously. So many countries take measures to draw overseas students come back in order to avoid brain drain. For example, some developing countries will make some favorable policies to give overseas students convenient and provide various research funding. And for advanced countries, like America, use on technology immigration policies to attract outstanding talent. In this way, it is helpful to reduce the incidence of brain drain. In conclusion, everything has benefits and drawbacks. Under this situation that more and ore students go abroad, overseas students and education communication will become a trend. So this essay explains these overseas students will meet what advantages and disadvantages separately, when they go to study and learn financ e in different countries. I agree that every student does not go abroad blindly, and if they choose to study outside, every overseas students could overcome these difficulties, regardless of knowledge or living. It is more important that these students could gain related result, find satisfying jobs and beautiful life, after xperiencing special and hard learning. Besides I believe that most of people are patriots and all want to make a contribution for their country. So the phenomenon of brain drain will reduce, every countries’ economic and education career will make a great progress. Work Cited Nguyen, Chi Hong. â€Å"Brain Drain or Brain Gain? The Revitalization of a Slow Death† Can Tho University. (2005). Print. Docquier, Fre ? de ? ric. Lohest, Olivier, and Marfouk, Abdeslam. â€Å"Brain Drain in Developing countries†. Print Iredale, Robyn. â€Å"Tackling the Roots of the Brain Drain. † 12, 08(2003). Print. How to cite Studying Abroad and Learning Finance, Essays

Food and Beverages Management The Australias Economy

Question: Discuss about the Food and Beverages Management for The Australias Economy. Answer: Introduction: As mentioned by Mok et al. (2013), the Australias economy and the social life are very much dominated and consists of a numbers of restaurants, fine dining restaurants, cafes and different other hospitality service providers. A major and critical part of the visitor economy mainly consists of the hospitality services and it contributes about $134 billion to the Australian economy each year (Buhalis, and Crotts 2013). The restaurant industry of Australia mainly runs on a scale of small business except for a few fine dining restaurants and big hotels (Brotherton 2012). In a survey recently it was revealed that in Australia there are even more than 33,000 hospitality organizations, out of which about 76% are small business, that contribute over $21.1 billion to the Australian economy annually and provide about 666,300 out of the total job in the country (McManus, 2013). However, the interest and the opening of new restaurants by the restaurant operators for business transactions are being protected by the Australian competition policy. As most of these restaurant businesses are on small scale therefore, the level of competition in this business sector is very high (Yen and Teng 2013). Figure 1: Total food and beverages industry of Australia. (Source: Thornton 2016) Scope of the business: Name and the objectives of the business: The business concept of the hospitality service industry that has been chosen to be set up is a fine dining restaurant with the name of The Global Fantasy Restaurant. The main objective of any restaurant is however, profit generation (Han 2016). Apart from this the other main objectives of this business sector are: Profitability: For almost all the organization the generation of profit is the first most objective. Therefore, for the sector of restaurant and services also the main aim is to earn profit. As stated by Su et al. (2013) the more costing that incur in the restaurant are due to the food and the labour cost. The aim of any business is to keep the incurring costs as low as possible that too without making any compromise with the quality of the foods and service provided (Menp and Brandt 2016). The less would be the incurred cost, the more would be the profit level for the restaurant. This would therefore, help the company in the process of profit maximization (Wellton et al. 2016). Food: As stated by Chen and Elston (2013), after the maximization of the profit, according to Ko (2013), the next objective that requires fulfilment is the providing the customers with the best and the high quality level of food that would be served. The variety of foods that the restaurant would serve depends on the type of its joint (DiPietro and Gregory 2012). As this is a fine dining restaurant of high quality services, therefore, the menu of the food and the food quality requires being the best. However, the restaurant must create dishes and organise its price according what the customers are ready to pay in return (Namkung and Jang 2014). Dining experience: As mentioned by Gehrels (2013), the dining experience accounts for the total experience of the customers that he gains within the time that he spend in the restaurants. People do not only go to restaurant just for food, the ambience and other reasons such as relaxation, convenience and luxury is also a few things that are considered. This being a fine dining restaurant needs to fulfil the objective of providing its customers a complete high level dining experience (Frost et al. 2014). Longevity: With all the other objectives, also comes the objective of longevity. If the restaurant achieves all the other goals mentioned above, it will obviously achieve this objective. If a restaurant provides good food, make its customer happy with its services, earn profit and builds reputation then it will survive better and longer in the market (Jeong 2014). Mission statement of the business: The main mission for The Global Fantasy Restaurant is To sell appetizing and remarkable food and drinks to its customers. To provide an utmost professional and gracious service and dining experience to its customers. To use the food quality of highest standard quality, seasonality and the freshness. To create a unique technique of cooking that would combine both the modern and the traditional art of cooking. To have customers loyalty. To provide all the co- workers and all who are associated with the restaurant with a friendly and rewarding environment that would encourage longevity and growth employment of the restaurant. To maintain a clean, hygienic and a well maintained environment within and also around the restaurant. To ensure good quality food served to the customers at a fair price. To treat all the staffs of the restaurant and the customers with respect and dignity and also to thank each and every guest for the given opportunity to serve them. The constructed menu: Drinks: Top Cocktails of the House $50-$150 Iced Tea- Scarlet Rose Flavoured Bitter Orange Negroni Spritz The black Cherry The Trail mix Seeds of spring berry The Mock tails: Alcohol free love $30-$35 Minty melon Wild green Lime Apple Passionate passion fruit Plum love Ruby heart Starters: $25-$30 3 ways of the coffin oysters in guacamole sauce of Bay Roasted Quail Breast and egg with mushroom Rosti Smoked mackerel with bchamel sauce Pork and chicken sausages with caramelised Onion rings in oyster Seasonal vegetables with Heirloom potatoes and your choice of mushroom Main Course: $36-$45 Raw smoked Blackmore wagyu with soured cream Organic green rice in stone pot with tofu, mushroom and spinach Somme lad bred chicken with morel and asparagus Double baked beef fillet with oxtail bourguignon and pudding Pork neck shitake with roasted prawn and kohlrabi fondant Dessert: $30-$40 Mandarin and grapefruit brulee Roasted fig and goat cheese souffl with sweetened whipped cream Nine textured chocolate pancake with chocolate sauce and whitened cream Cheese of customers choice with lavash cracks/ flat bread/ soft pita breads Buffet menu: $200 per person The buffet menu includes a cocktail, two starters from the above starter menu, two of the above main courses and any of the above deserts. Special Buffet menus are available on special occasions. The scope of the business: PESTEL definition: The analysis of all the different factors of the external macro- environment which has an effect on the activities of the firm is known as PESTLE analysis. These external factors are beyond the controlling capabilities of the firm and generally act as a threat to the sales of the firm (Team 2013). Effects of the business: Political 1. Opening and closing hours of the restaurant. 2. Taxation policy of the country. 3. The wage amount of the staffs. 4. Political stability. 5. Liquors serving permission from government. Economic 1. The economic growth rate of the country. 2. The income and the living standard of the countrymen. 3. The rate of inflation. 4. The price variation in the food markets of the nation. Social 1. The population Growth of the restaurant area. 2. Health consciousness and hygiene maintenance. 3. Location of the restaurant- distance from the main Town Centre. 4. Preference of people to dine out. Technical 1. The special equipment available to make work easy and faster. 2. If live concerts and music is available then equipments required for them. 3. Requirement of general kitchen machines like fridge, oven, microwave, automated gas chimney and others. Environment 1. Cleanliness of the restaurant and the area around the restaurant. 2. Recycling 3. Usage of environmental friendly packaging materials. 4. Home delivery transportation costs. Legal 1. The laws related to consumer services. 2. Food and beverage laws of the nation. 3. Minimum age group for serving of the wine and drinks Table 1: PESTEL analysis to show the effects of the business (Source: As created by the author) Industry competitors Analysis: Porters 5 forces diagram: Threats of suppliers 1. The Restaurant requires maintaining good Relationship with its suppliers. 2. The suppliers allow the restaurant management to buy Bulk quantity of goods at lower price because of the quantity purchase. 3. The suppliers give the management of the restaurant higher purchasing power. Competition Rivalry 1. It is a small scale business industry. 2. Being a small scale industry, the entry in the market is easy and therefore there is high level of competition. 3. This particular restaurant, as it is new in the market, it may face problems in start up and it may also find it difficult to survive in the market. Threats of new Entrants 1. It is a small scale business and entrance is not difficult therefore, high competition. 2. Good and comfort level high requirement. 3. No restrictions new entrants. Threats of customers 1. Customers have high mobility chances 2. Customers purchasing power. 3. Satisfaction of customer is important Threats of substitute 1. No such threats of substitutes. Table 2: Porters 5 forces diagram to show the Industry competitors Analysis (Source: As created by the author) Segmentation of the market: Market segments: The market segmentation for The Global Fantasy Restaurant is as follows: Business people Business people often stay out for work and therefore, need some good restaurant to eat at. The restaurant needs to use proper marketing strategy to attract more business people. Couples The couples make the more percentage of customers at any restaurant. Therefore, they form an important part of the segmentation. Family A restaurant is a place the families come for a happy meal. Therefore, satisfying the family customers are utmost important. Youngsters The school and college going people are found everywhere in the restaurant but as this is a fine dining restaurant, the amount of students percentage here is less. Single customers The single customers, as are without a companion, are more attracted to a restaurant that is well decorated to enjoy themself. Tourists A city is always has a tourists and tourists are generally attracted towards a restaurant that provides a variety of regional and other cuisines. Table 3: Market segmentation for The Global Fantasy Restaurant (Source: As created by the author) Marketing Concept: The 7Ps: The 7Ps of the restaurant marketing concept are: Product Price Place Promotion Physical environment Process People Table 4: The 7Ps of the restaurant marketing concept (Source: As created by the author) Explanation: Product The type of food products and menu that the restaurant is proving has a great impact on the customers who are attracted to it. Price The price of the food of the restaurant also influences its customers. If the price of the restaurant is high then its customers would be less but if the price is reasonable then more customers would visit the restaurant. Place The location of the restaurant determines its customers. More near to the town centre, the more would be the customers visiting. Process The process of the preparation of food, the service giving process and the presentation of the food is also very important aspect fir the customers attraction. Table 5: Explanation of the 7Ps of the marketing concept (Source: As created by the author) Discussion of the business success: SWOT analysis of The Global Fantasy Restaurant: Strength 1. A profitable business organization. 2. The main strength is providing best quality foods and luxury services to its customers. 3. It is a common industry therefore; the staffs are familiar with their job profile and work. Weakness 1. As a new business there will be problem in establishing the business. 2. Being a new restaurant it is difficult for the management to forecast the customer level and accordingly do food preparation. Opportunity 1. A new restaurant has loads of scope to improve according to the customers demand. 2. It has good chances of being a competition to the existing restaurants in the market. Threats 1. The restaurants services may not be liked b y the customers. 2. The older restaurants may be a tough competition. Table 6: SWOT analysis of The Global Fantasy Restaurant (Source: As created by the author) Staff management team: Organization structure: Figure 2: Organization structure of The Global Fantasy Restaurant (Source: As created by the author) Assessment of staffs required for the business handling: 1. Restaurant manager 1 2. Headwaiter 1 3. Station Headwaiter 1 4. Reception Headwaiter 1 5. Buffet managers 2 6. Beverage manager 1 7. Bartenders 5 8. Drinks runner 10 9. Station Waiter 2 10. Assistant Station Waiter 1 11. Waiters 16 12. Apprentices 12 Total staffs requirement 53 Table 7: Assessment of staffs required (Source: As created by the author) Required resources: Tangible and Intangible resources: Tangible resources 1. Salaries and the wages of the staffs and the chefs and the bartenders. 2. The raw materials costs. 3. Culinary costs. 4. Maintenance costs. 5. Other miscellaneous costs Intangible resources These costs are the cost that arises during emergencies. There is not fixed case for such resources. Usually from the profit, a part is kept aside as general fund and is during the time of emergency. Table 8: Tangible and Intangible resources (Source: As created by the author) Budget: Budget management for the business project: The Budget costing for the start up the Global Fantasy Restaurant: Particulars Amount $ Rent: Security deposit 12000 First month rent 10000 Decorative Costs: Construction costs 312000 Tables and Furniture 50100 Table wares, cutlery, kitchen wares and kitchen equipments 85000 Food and Beverage Costs (Approx) 15000 Other Miscellaneous costs: Insurance of the Restaurant 5000 Permits and License 5000 Technologies of the restaurant 15000 Internet Telephone services 38000 Marketing cost: Menu cost 1500 Fliers and coupons 4000 Business card 100 Advertisements Restaurant opening function 16200 Customers service 5500 Total 574400 Table 9: Budget costing for the start up the Global Fantasy restaurant (Source: As created by the author) Finance: Finance for the project: The main financer of the business would be: Investors: According to Jefferds (2015), the investors are the person or any other company that may allocate their capital in some other institution or company with a view point of some expectations of financial returns in the future. The people or any organization that would invest in this restaurant would be a investor in the restaurant and is liable for a share of profit from the restaurant (Yang 2014). Borrowers: The borrowers are the person who obtains some amount of fund from an individual or a business for a specific period of time with a promise of repaying the debt (Brown 2016). Conclusion: From the above report, the different analysis of the business market analysis, assessments and the calculation of the budget that is required for the setting up of a new business, the different criteria and the costing have been realized. The above report shows the costs, limitations, chances of survival and other concepts of the opening of a new restaurant in Australia. Reference: Brotherton, B. ed., 2012.International Hospitality Industry. Routledge. Brown, K.D., 2016. Financing for Small Southern Style Restaurants. Buhalis, D. and Crotts, J., 2013.Global alliances in tourism and hospitality management. Routledge. Chen, S.C. and Elston, J.A., 2013. Entrepreneurial motives and characteristics: An analysis of small restaurant owners.International Journal of Hospitality Management,35, pp.294-305. DiPietro, R.B. and Gregory, S., 2012. Customer perceptions regarding green restaurant practices: A comparison between fast food and upscale casual restaurants.FIU Hospitality Review,30(1), pp.1-22. Frost, W., Getz, D. and Gordon, I., 2014. Noreen Breakey has worked in hotels, resorts, tour operations, travel agen-cies, restaurants and events in Australia and overseas. Dr Breakey has a national reputation for her research on tourism and hospitality educa-tion, and her current research interests focus on sustainable visitor usage of the worlds existing, developing and potential tourism destinations.Rainforest Tourism, Conservation and Management: Challenges for Sustainable Development. Gehrels, S.A., 2013. The contextual characteristics of successful small upper segment culinary restaurant owners and their potential influence on hospitality management education.European Journal of Tourism Research,6(2), p.207. Han, S.J., Bonn, M.A. and Cho, M., 2016. The relationship between customer incivility, restaurant frontline service employee burnout and turnover intention.International Journal of Hospitality Management,52, pp.97-106. Jefferds, D., 2015. Why Dont I Know Who My Investors Are?.The Journal of Structured Finance,21(1), pp.49-54. Jeong, E., Jang, S.S., Day, J. and Ha, S., 2014. The impact of eco-friendly practices on green image and customer attitudes: An investigation in a caf setting.International Journal of Hospitality Management,41, pp.10-20. Ko, W.H., 2013. The relationship among food safety knowledge, attitudes and self-reported HACCP practices in restaurant employees.Food control,29(1), pp.192-197. Menp, J. and Brandt, A., 2016. Successful foundation for concept entirety and marketing: Case Restaurant Fregatti. McManus, L., 2013. Customer accounting and marketing performance measures in the hotel industry: Evidence from Australia.International Journal of Hospitality Management,33, pp.140-152. Mok, C., Sparks, B. and Kadampully, J., 2013.Service quality management in hospitality, tourism, and leisure. Routledge. Namkung, Y. and Jang, S.S., 2014. Are consumers willing to pay more for green practices at restaurants?.Journal of Hospitality Tourism Research, p.1096348014525632. Su, Y.P., Hall, C.M. and Ozanne, L., 2013. Hospitality industry responses to climate change: A benchmark study of Taiwanese tourist hotels.Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research,18(1-2), pp.92-107. Team, F.M.E., 2013. PESTLE Analysis.Strategy Skills. Thornton, L.E., Lamb, K.E. and Ball, K., 2016. Fast food restaurant locations according to socioeconomic disadvantage, urbanregional locality, and schools within Victoria, Australia.SSM-Population Health,2, pp.1-9. Wellton, L., Jonsson, I.M., Walter, U. and Svingstedt, A., 2016. Restaurant practicestime, planning, knowledge and dreams.Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, pp.1-15. Yang, J., Ryan, C. and Zhang, L., 2014. External entrepreneurs/investors and guanxi: hostels in a tourism area, Xinjiang, China.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,26(6), pp.833-854. Yen, C.H. and Teng, H.Y., 2013. The effect of centralization on organizational citizenship behavior and deviant workplace behavior in the hospitality industry.Tourism Management,36, pp.401-410.

On Ophelia’s Madness free essay sample

Madness is to think of too many things in succession too fast, or of one thing too exclusively† (Volataire). In the article â€Å"On Ophelia’s Madness,† Caroll Camden talks about the reasoning behind the mysterious shift in the mentality of Ophelia which eventually leads to death. The thesis stated by Camden is that Ophelia was drawn to madness due to the series of events leading to Hamlets rejection of Ophelia’s love rather than the death of Polonius. Camden uses very specific examples to back up his thesis along with many references to other famous works and critiques. Camden can be considered a reputable critique and his work on Shakespeare can be considered creditable. This is due to the fact that Camden â€Å"served as a visiting professor at numerous leading universities and was a research fellow at the Folger Shakespeare Library. He wrote nine books and numerous articles, greatly enhancing the scholarly research on Shakespeare, Marlowe, Chaucer and other writers† (Centre College). We will write a custom essay sample on On Ophelia’s Madness or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Camden is a trusted source on this work dealing with Ophelia, because of his contributions that enhanced the knowledge on Shakespeare. I believe that Camden is a trusted source when it comes to Ophelia and I would use him as a source when dealing with anything Shakespeare. When it comes to using Camden as a source, he does a well job of organizing his article but there are a few minor things that bother me. I believed that the author was on base with the way he presented his argument with a plethora of support to his thesis. This is because Camden did a fine job with the way he arranged his paragraphs. I like how he built onto his argument with first presenting us with his thesis, then going against some counter arguments by others, and finally validated his thesis by using examples from both Hamlet and other sources. I found that this structuring of the paragraphs made the article easy to follow along to. What I found to be a minor inconvenience was his occasional use of literary jargon, but they were almost always followed by their definitions. The vocabulary was not a major issue, and it was kept at a level which most readers would understand. Camden argues for the fact that Ophelia is drawn towards madness due to Hamlet rejecting love for her. Camden supports his argument with a wide array of examples. Camden states that â€Å"Ophelia speaks of herself as being ‘of ladies most deject and wretched’. That she returned the love is clearly indicated as she lets the audience know in a soliloquy what is running through her mind, characterizing herself as one ‘that sucked the honey of his music vows. Vows and words of love are music only in the ears of those who return the feelings of love. † The author shares how Ophelia had feelings for Hamlet, and lead him on only to get rejected herself. This furthers his argument that Ophelia was pushed to madness because of rejection. One more push that drove her to madness was the play scene when â€Å"Hamlet asks whether the actor is speaking a true prologue or giving a ‘posy’ for a ring, she agreeably replies that it certainly is brief, only to hear Hamlet’s ‘As woman’s love. His remark is usually glossed as being his comment on the conduct of his mother†¦but Ophelia must think that Hamlet is speaking of her own conduct toward him. † The author gives ample evidence to support his argument that Ophelia was being rejected and driven closer to madness, and when she finally cracks she still shows affection towards Hamlet. This can be seen when Ophelia meets with the king and queen and says â€Å"where is the beauteous majesty of Denmark? This reference was directed toward Hamlet and not Polonius, because this does not fit in with the personality of Polonius and the relationship between him and his daughter. In the beginning of the article, the author goes about refuting the arguments of others and establishing his own argument by saying â€Å"She is not just the â€Å"poor wispy Ophelia† which Katherine Mansfield would make her†¦experiencing what is apparently her first introduction to bittersweet delights of love. And yet her tragedy seems to me to have been misinterpreted by a long array of critics, who have emphasized that her madness is due chiefly to the death of her father. † This goes along with the argument that it was Hamlets rejection of love towards Ophelia that caused the tragic decline of her mental health. Camden does a good job of presenting his agreement in contrast with others. In order to do this he first presents us with the arguments supported by others, and in doing so he can follow that up with his own idea. According to John Draper, â€Å"Ophelia’s madness ‘comes about†¦because that father, whom she loved so dearly, came to a sudden and shocking end. † And L. L. Schucking says â€Å"Grief at her father’s sudden and unexplained death has unbalanced her mind. † Rebecca West says â€Å"No line in the play suggests that she felt either passion or affection for Hamlet. † By presenting the readers with all of the opposing points of view first, Camden can now slowly shift the scene and start to present his own argument. He does this by introducing Roderick Benedix who says â€Å"Polonius’ death as serving a dramatic purpose, ‘inasmuch as it is the cause of Ophelia’s madness†, but at the same time he perceives that ‘No girl becomes insane because her father dies, least of all Ophelia†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and with this Camden can now start to counter the opposing views by talking about Hamlet and Ophelia’s love. Camden says â€Å"I believe it can be shown that the overriding cause of Ophelia’s madness is clearly spelled out in the play; it is more â€Å"the pangs of despiz’d love† which cause her tragic fate than the death of Polonius. I found the article about Ophelia to be very informational largely due to the specific examples used by Camden to argue for his thesis. Camden is a very well reputed author that has spent many years on the research of Shakespeare. The argument for Ophelia driven to insanity largely due to love for Hamlet and not Polonius is strikingly convincing. The opposing arguments to Camden’s thesis were respectfully refuted. Ophelia is guilty of being love sick for Hamlet and this is what caused her demise.

A Bunch of Comments

A Bunch of Comments A Bunch of Comments A Bunch of Comments By Maeve Maddox The review post about â€Å"there is† and â€Å"there are† triggered so many comments about the word bunch that I decided to give the word a post of its own. Here’s the sentence that provoked the discussion: In his arms there are a whole bunch of corn husks. Some readers defended the plural verb, suggesting that speakers often use bunch to mean many. I suppose that when bunch is used figuratively to mean â€Å"a group of people,† treating it like committee or staff makes sense. Collective nouns like these may be either singular or plural, according to whether they are thought of as a unit or as a group of individuals: The committee has approved the plans. (singular) The committee are divided in opinion. (plural) The staff is attending a retreat in the Catskills. (singular) The staff are preparing their classrooms. (plural) Our bunch is going to the races on Friday. (singular) That bunch in Washington believe they are above the law. (plural) Note: The plural constructions in these examples are all flagged by Word as needing singular verbs. The earliest OED citation for bunch shows it used with the meaning â€Å"A protuberance, especially on the body of an animal.† For example, a 1398 reference to the camels of Arabia states that they have â€Å"two bunches on the back.† A character in Shakespeare’s Richard III (c.1593) refers to hunchbacked Richard as a â€Å"poisonous bunchback’d toad.† Bunch in the sense of bundle is cited in 1505: â€Å"For thy bed, take now one bunch of straw.† At one time, a bunch was a measurement that contained a certain quantity. For example, â€Å"a bunch of reeds† was â€Å"28 inches round.† In modern usage, a bunch is â€Å"a collection or cluster of things of the same kind, either growing together (as a bunch of grapes), or fastened closely together in any way (as a bunch of flowers, a bunch of keys); also a portion of a dress gathered together in irregular folds.† (OED) One reader asked to know if there is a difference between â€Å"a bunch† and â€Å"a whole bunch.† Both mean â€Å"a lot of.† â€Å"A whole bunch† is an intensification of â€Å"a bunch.† Neither expression belongs in formal writing. Just for fun, I entered the phrases â€Å"there is a bunch† and â€Å"there are a bunch† in the Google Ngram Viewer. â€Å"There is a bunch† has the graph all to itself from 1800 to 1865, when the first â€Å"there are a bunch† makes its appearance. The plural expression remains insignificant until the 1940s, when it begins to rise in frequency. In 1984, â€Å"there are a bunch† pulls ahead of â€Å"there is a bunch† and soars ahead until 2000, which is as far as the graph goes. There’s no knowing the context that produced the results on the Ngram chart. I mention it only as a curiosity. Bottom line: When the collection referred to by the word bunch is made up of people, a plural verb does not jar. When referring to bundles of straw, grass, grapes, cornhusks and the like, pair bunch with a singular verb. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Redundant Phrases to AvoidEmail EtiquettePreposition Mistakes #1: Accused and Excited

Analysis of the Consolidation of Assets as an Integral Part of Business for Organizations

Analysis of the Consolidation of Assets as an Integral Part of Business for Organizations Introduction Mergers or acquisitions have become a norm for companies aiming at growth. Various companies resort to mergers and acquisition, to form strategic alliances. In majority of cases the underlying reason for these is to guarantee long-term sustained achievement of fast profitable growth for the business. In todays competitive world it is important for various companies to keep up with a rapidly increasing diversified global market and increased competition. In order to gain competitive advantage it is essential to form alliances. According to Megginson and Smart Mergers and acquisitions are major corporate finance events that, when executed efficiently and with the proper motives, can help managers realise their ultimate goal of maximizing shareholder wealth. A merger is the combining of two or more companies into a single corporation. This is achieved when one company or business purchases the property or some other form of assets from another company. The result of this action is the formation of one corporate structure. This new corporate structure retains its original identity. An acquisition is a little different from a merger in that it involves many problems being dissolved, and an entirely new company being formed. Reasons For Mergers: There are many reasons for mergers and acquisitions such as, growth of the company, achieving the economies of scale, for power or better management, stability and to increase market share and eliminate competition. At the core of mergers and acquisition lies the sole objective of maximization of shareholder wealth regardless of the scale of the business. This maximization of the wealth must be both in day-to-day running of the business as well as in the long-term through their tactical decisions. A well executed acquisition or merger will increase the profits earned by increased sales income and by reducing costs. It may also place the business in a position of strategic advantage over its competitors that will enable it to add value by using the opportunity of that advantage to increase profitability. Role of Managers in successful Mergers/Acquisitions: The scope of organizational behavior for a manager goes beyond carving strategies for the functioning of the organization, and can extend further during and after acquisitions to extend financial benefits. The manager has an important responsibility to develop a leadership plan while keeping human elements that arise from such mergers in mind. To create this balanced equilibrium, the manager must use transition strategies of organizational behavior to keep the vision and goals of the organization while motivating and achieving better individual performances Arkin, (2003) shows that, involving Human Resource Professionals at the earliest stages of a merger or acquisition is crucial to help employees adapt to the change. Kitching (1967) stresses the importance of installing managers of change to handle the critical areas needing change to accomplish the tasks of the acquisition. Kitching emphasizes the importance of change management efforts on control in the post-acquisition period. Of late MA research takes into account not only control-based value creation, but also a variety of integration processes through which those synergistic benefits can be realized (Hitt, Harrison, Ireland, 2001). Gadiesh, et al (2002) identified a range of leadership characteristics that might be associated with successful MA outcomes. These characteristics are decisiveness (closing the deal), serving as a symbol and creating momentum (crusading for the new entity), fostering a sense of focus (establishing and communicating the strategic vision) motivating organizational members (cheering on the troops), and providing key cultural and operational guidance (captaining change through integration). Managerial ability must be a non-specialised proclivity, and the leaders of the acquiring company must be men of much greater talent than those of the corporations they absorb In the context of mergers and acquisitions, managers create accountable others (Galpin and Herndon 2000) as Clemente Greenspan, (1998) write, These leaders make concrete the mutual responsibility of all employees, but alert and bind them to everyone elses responsibility . . .this will create a social conscience. Case of BMW acquiring Rover: In the case of BMW (Gould, B 1998) acquiring Rover for 800 millions highlights the importance of managers and effective human resource management in mergers and acquisitions. BMW was easily able to gain entry into a new market segment without compromising its high end and niche market segment through acquisition of Rover. The main reason thats made BMW bought Rover and land Rover is that BMW doesnt have an SUV. the X5 was from the Land Rover team.So it was long term investment by BMW.Also the products and quality, although better, needed some help. And BAE was doing nothing with it. BMW thought about acquiring Rover, as it was too small to survive on its own. However, a more fundamental objective was the enhancement of shareholders wealth through acquisitions aimed at accessing or creating sustainable competitive advantage for acquirer. Such an advantage was to stem from economies of scale, market power or access to unique strengths, for example BMW through acquisition of Rover was able to offer a rage of cars in every category. Successful acquisitions are distinguished from failed ones in a number of dimensions, ranging from pre- acquisitions planning to post- acquisitions integration management. Haspeslagh and Jeminson (1991) contrast two perspectives of acquisition decision making the rationalist and the organizational process. The rationalist view based on hard economic, strategic and financial evaluation of the acquisition proposal and estimates the potential value creation based on such an evaluation. In this case the aim of the acquisitions was to create competitive advantages, strengthen their positions in the markets and to achieve the strategic value creation. BMW/Rover is the examples of acquisitions that have failed to be successful. Despite of the ambitious plans regarding Rovers future, Rover could not bring any profits until the year 2000 due to an investment programme of 500 million pounds per year in the UK. BMW experienced financial distress after acquiring Rover. Robert Hellar writes, BMW has invested .8 billion in a business which at last report was losing ,000 annually. Reasons for Failure: Success of acquisition depends on pre acquisition audit, including a human element audit, clarity of purpose, good communication and understanding of the cultural nuances of the acquired company. Making a successful acquisition requires all three stages of acquisition process namely, preparation, negotiation and post acquisition integration and shall be considered interrelated process. BMW wanted to acquire Rover in order to create a range of cars in every category. BMW was not strong enough to compete on its own and the acquisition seemed to be attractive from the points of extending its range and achieving economies of scale in souring, production, distribution and RD. However, obstacles started since implications of the acquisition. There was a lack of agreement between the teams negotiating a deal and implementing it, so the aims of acquisition were not preserved. Tight secrecy in planning and negotiating is considered necessary to prevent either rivals or the staff of the target finding out about the deal. This secrecy may be one of the reasons for the due diligence audit being somewhat superficial. BMWs preacquisition audit neglected human resource aspects; the audit resulted in some nasty surprises after the acquisition; for example, BMW redeployment of senior BMWs staff to top Rover positions. The chairman of BMW planed to turn Rover into exclusive cars as BMW and the same time he wanted to increase world sales. However, his ambitious target has turned out to be arduous. Robert Stevens (1999) writes On February 11 BMWs chief executive Bernd Pischetsrieder resigned after failing to win the support of his board. He was the kingpin in BMWs million acquisition of Rover in 1994 and is associated with the failure of this take-over Conclusions Mergers or Acquisitions are complex challenges for the management. There are major challenges most importantly employee related issues. Need for competent management is paramount with focus on the human resource audit as whatever, the merits of an acquisition on financial and business criteria, it is people who make it all happen. The employees need to be motivated and well informed about their future within the company. As evident from the case study there was a lack of pre merger planning and non-transparent negotiations resulting in shocks for merged company. Most of all there was a total lack of post acquisition integration strategy resulting out of poor management. The most important attributes for the managers are honesty; sensitivity, competence and willingness to share with the target staff the benefits of acquisitions. These are the most important contributors to success of acquisitions, which were sadly lacking in case of BMW acquisition of Rover.

Religion Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Religion - Coursework Example Smith further said that religion is indeed, nothing more than an outcome of the study of many scholars, who utilize it as a means to carry out analysis of various social aspects, otherwise, it does not exist outside the academic world. Smith’s generalization of religion as an academic myth is an overt expression of his association with the school of thought that negates the existence of religion in practical world. Another scholar who belongs to the same school of thought but came up with a more philosophical explanation of the reason of its people’s belief in religion is Edward Burnett Taylor who visualized the religion as an animated concept developed by humans in an attempt to conceive the physical world around them in a better way while Sigmund Freud said religion exists simply because people want to believe in it. (Anon., 2010). However, there are other scholars that do believe in religion and make reasonable arguments for the purpose of the existence of religion and acknowledge its role and impact in the society. One such scholar has been Mircea Eliade who believed in religion and expressed the opinion saying that religion is something too special to be limited to social, cultural or psychological concerns alone. (Anon, 2010). In addition to them, there have been scholars who simply referred to religion as an outcome of some phenomenon. For example, James George Frazer explained that religion surfaced when magic failed to address people’s longing for spiritual satisfaction. (Anon., 2010). Frazer said that the psychology of some people caused them to trust spiritual beings and seek help from them. This resulted in the formation of religion. An in-depth analysis of the opinions of various scholars in the history of literature suggests that many saw religion as a man made concept. A vast majority of philosophers and educationalists denies the belief in religion and refers to it as an animated

Pharmaceutical indusrry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Pharmaceutical indusrry - Essay Example With this monopoly, comes a lot of power which gives pharmaceutical companies the incentive to focus on the large amount of capital needed for research and development. This then allows them to profit more from competitive companies by use of these patents. Without these patents, only one company, which had invested in research and development, would be responsible for development a new drug into the system. All the other pharmaceuticals would only be responsible for reproducing this new, innovative drug. Pharmaceutical companies are trying hard to recover the research and development costs that are incurred during the innovation of a new drug. One of the ways of achieving this is by marketing these drugs. Unlike most consumer drugs that can be purchased from the seller to the buyer directly, these drugs have to be prescriptions from the doctor or physician. Without these prescriptions, the drugs cannot be legally sold. Since the physician does not stand to legally profit from authorizing the drug to be used, the drug companies stopped the advertising campaigns that were directed at physicians. This was mainly because the physicians would likely act in their own interest, and in the best interest of the patient, as well. However, as time went by, the FDA (Food and Drugs Administration), began letting the pharmaceuticals to do direct consumer exchanges (Acemoglu, p 1). This made them target their advertising and campaigns to consumers. The aim of this was that when the consumer went t o the physician they could ask for a drug. This in effect, increased the advertising costs and raised the costs of innovative new drugs. Clinical trials have significantly increased because of the reduced willingness of test subjects. This coupled with greater challenges in drug trials are responsible for an increase in costs. Due to increased development,

International relations Essay Example for Free

International relations Essay International relations deals with mutual understanding between countries; they can therefore be in a position to trade with each other and also to assist each other when one country is facing certain challenges. International relations therefore lays more emphasis on multi cultural and global understanding of a world that is interconnected and complex, by focusing closely on economic, political, cultural and legal forces. International relations are hence very important to the business community internationally, non governmental and private international organizations and governments (Lawson, 2003). Rationality of negotiators Strategies for effective negotiations have always caused major concerns to all the major stakeholders especially to the practitioners and the scholars in the field of international relations. Negotiators can be passive or assertive, collaborative or argumentative, or can adopt other strategies in order to achieve their preferred outcome for their governments or other organizations they are presenting in certain negotiations. When negotiating it is very important to view the issue under negotiation in an adversary point of view, another technique that is preferable while negotiating is focusing on the problem at hand instead of being personal, the negotiator should seek collaborative solutions and should as much as possible base all the discussions on the goal criteria (Lawson, 2003). Negotiators at times fall short of rationality when negotiating, in many instances this is caused by lack of sound negotiating techniques among the negotiators. Such individuals with inadequate information concerning effective styles of negotiation are in most cases irrational and they are to a very great extent guided by their personal experiences assumptions and perceptions as to what may work. These might make the negotiators focus less on the problem, compromise sound solutions and also be personal when negotiating. When such takes place, questions of rationality arise, whether the negotiating individuals are self interested and whether the negotiating parties use the techniques that they perceive to be the best in negotiating (Lawson, 2003). At other times negotiators fail to be rational when negotiating when they feel that by accepting the proposals of the other party it means that they have lost and thus they are likely to use all means possible in blocking certain proposals regardless of whether they are beneficial to the negotiating parties or not. Therefore for negotiations to be successful, it is very important for the negotiating teams to adopt a win win strategy instead of believing that the other party must loose for me to win which eventually becomes detrimental to both parties. For rationality to prevail when negotiations are taking place it is very important to approach the subject on the basis of how the negotiating teams can both benefit from the discussions, they should always be ready to give and take so that consensus can be reached and rational decisions made (Lawson, 2003). Irrationality can arise when the negotiating parties are of unequal power, the stronger party may fail to be rational and decide to use its excess power in oppressing the other party. In such a case the stronger party usually has its pre agreed proposals which it imposes on the weaker party. Such power might be in form of stronger military, economic power, technical power and other forms of power that are likely to make it more dominant than the other party (Lawson, 2003). Conclusion Negotiators should be very rational when holding their negotiations; this will make them be able to adopt the best strategies such as dealing with dilemmas that may arise in the cause of the discussions. They will therefore, be able to effectively use such strategies as the prisoner’s dilemma in a manner that they will both benefit from the negotiations. Thus the negotiators can be in a position of answering the toughest question in the dilemma: is it possible for people to cooperate naturally, or do genes of individuals demand a selfish response to all situations in life (Parselle, 2007).

Plant And Animal Cells Essay -- Biology Biological Cells Essays

Plant and Animal Cells I. Introduction All organisms in life are composed of at least one or more cells. Cells are the basic units of life. There are three main features of a cell. First, all organisms consist of one or more cells. Second, cells are the smallest units of life and third, cells arise only from preexisting cells. These three facts are referred to as the cell theory. All cells can be categorized into two basic cell types. They are prokaryotic and eukaryotic. To distinguish where cells are placed in the two categories, what is inside the cell must first be looked at. Every cell, either prokaryotic or eukaryotic all contain basic cell parts. They are: a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA (the genetic material), and ribosomes. Prokaryotic cells have a simple structure and they are usually smaller than eukaryotic cells. Also, most prokaryotic cells contain a cell wall. In addition to having the basic cell parts, eukaryotic cells also contain a membrane-bounded nucleus and cell organelles. The membrane surrounding the nucleus in eukaryotic cells, separate the nucleus from the cytoplasm. Most of the cells we used in the experiments held, were multicellular or consisting of more than one cell. A variety of cells were used in completing the experiments. We used union cells, cheek cells, potato cells, and Elodeo cells. We also used Planaria which is a unicellular organism. Many stains and dyes were used in the experiments. They were water, methylene blue, salts, and iodine. In our studies of cells, we conducted three experiments to test the different features of cells. The first two experiments were on how membranes were selectively permeable, diffusion, and osmosis. To test this, we set up two experiments. The first experiment we set up had three cups. In each cup a potato slice and a different liquid was put in. In the first cup was filled with distilled water. The second cup was filled with salt water and the third was left empty. We left these cups sit for twenty- four hours and then we observed them. The second experiment we set up involved dialysis tubing which was acting like a membrane. In the dialysis tubing we put a liquid that was made of starches and sugars. We then put the dialysis tubing into a beaker of water wh... ...c solution and sucked up some of the water in the cells. When we observed the cheek cells we found they were very different from the plant cells. The nucleus was in the middle of the cheek cells and there were a few cell organelles. The Planaria cell was all red and had lines running down it. In this cell though, the nucleus was not present. The plant cells and animal cells were very different. In the plant cells there was motion of cell parts but in the animal cells there was no motion. Also, the nucleus and chloroplast of the plant cell were towards the outside of the cell because the chloroplast can receive sunlight better on the outside of the cell than on the inside. In the animal cells though, the nucleus and cell organelles, were towards the middle of the cell. III. Conclusions All organisms in life are made of at least one or more cells. Cells are the basic units to life. Without cells life cannot exist. In our experiments we went to look how cells function and what are their features. In finding this information, I know have a better understanding of how cells function and their specific features. Plant And Animal Cells Essay -- Biology Biological Cells Essays Plant and Animal Cells I. Introduction All organisms in life are composed of at least one or more cells. Cells are the basic units of life. There are three main features of a cell. First, all organisms consist of one or more cells. Second, cells are the smallest units of life and third, cells arise only from preexisting cells. These three facts are referred to as the cell theory. All cells can be categorized into two basic cell types. They are prokaryotic and eukaryotic. To distinguish where cells are placed in the two categories, what is inside the cell must first be looked at. Every cell, either prokaryotic or eukaryotic all contain basic cell parts. They are: a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA (the genetic material), and ribosomes. Prokaryotic cells have a simple structure and they are usually smaller than eukaryotic cells. Also, most prokaryotic cells contain a cell wall. In addition to having the basic cell parts, eukaryotic cells also contain a membrane-bounded nucleus and cell organelles. The membrane surrounding the nucleus in eukaryotic cells, separate the nucleus from the cytoplasm. Most of the cells we used in the experiments held, were multicellular or consisting of more than one cell. A variety of cells were used in completing the experiments. We used union cells, cheek cells, potato cells, and Elodeo cells. We also used Planaria which is a unicellular organism. Many stains and dyes were used in the experiments. They were water, methylene blue, salts, and iodine. In our studies of cells, we conducted three experiments to test the different features of cells. The first two experiments were on how membranes were selectively permeable, diffusion, and osmosis. To test this, we set up two experiments. The first experiment we set up had three cups. In each cup a potato slice and a different liquid was put in. In the first cup was filled with distilled water. The second cup was filled with salt water and the third was left empty. We left these cups sit for twenty- four hours and then we observed them. The second experiment we set up involved dialysis tubing which was acting like a membrane. In the dialysis tubing we put a liquid that was made of starches and sugars. We then put the dialysis tubing into a beaker of water wh... ...c solution and sucked up some of the water in the cells. When we observed the cheek cells we found they were very different from the plant cells. The nucleus was in the middle of the cheek cells and there were a few cell organelles. The Planaria cell was all red and had lines running down it. In this cell though, the nucleus was not present. The plant cells and animal cells were very different. In the plant cells there was motion of cell parts but in the animal cells there was no motion. Also, the nucleus and chloroplast of the plant cell were towards the outside of the cell because the chloroplast can receive sunlight better on the outside of the cell than on the inside. In the animal cells though, the nucleus and cell organelles, were towards the middle of the cell. III. Conclusions All organisms in life are made of at least one or more cells. Cells are the basic units to life. Without cells life cannot exist. In our experiments we went to look how cells function and what are their features. In finding this information, I know have a better understanding of how cells function and their specific features.

Panasonic and Japans Changing Culture Essay

In Japan in 1918 Konosuke Matsushita founded Matsushita Electric a consumer electronics company which is known today as Panasonic. Panasonic has offices in 58 different countries and is regarded as one of the world’s largest electronics companies. (Panasonic, 2013) Panasonic alike many other Japanese companies was established on a Confucian value system. The Confucian value system consists of three main elements; reciprocal obligations, honesty and loyalty. These elements form a majority of traditional Japanese values. (Smits, 2010) Hofstede, even though his work has been criticised, recognised some significant aspects of Japanese culture. These aspects included high uncertainty avoidance, high masculinity and a swing towards collectivism. These aspects also contribute largely to traditional Japanese values. These values were represented in such policies as lifetime employment and generous retirement bonuses. (Hofstede, 2013) However cultures are dynamic, they change over time. The major shift in Japanese culture occurred during the 1990’s, which was mainly attributed to the change in perspective of the generation born after 1964. This change was evident in 1999 when Panasonic gave its new employees a decision between different employment packages. The first package gave the employees a large retirement bonus, subsidised housing and services and company social events. The second package gave the employees the same perks except instead of a retirement bonus a larger starting salary. The third package gave the employees an even larger still starting salary however none of the other benefits. In contradiction to traditional values 41% of new employees chose the second package. (Hill, 2011) This shows a move away from high uncertainty avoidance which was triggered by an increase in average wealth and a move towards individualism. The primary criticism of this generation was their lack of commitment to traditional Japanese values in comparison with their parents. One of the more perceptible changes was a switch from a collectivist culture to a more individual culture. (Hill, 2011) It has been theorised that there is a correlation between economic development and a shift towards an individualistic society. This theory correlates with the article which states that a cause for the shift is the fact that the generation born after 1964 grew up in an economically richer society. This shift also affected organisational loyalty in the form of people changing jobs with greater frequency than ever before. (Reiner, 1991) This shift in the paradigm of Japanese cultural values has an effect on traditional values. The ‘modernised’ value system in effect is polar opposite to traditional values which were achieved by a complete cultural shift. Which in turn insinuates that the further the culture evolves the less tradition is left in the value system, if trends current stay constant. This shift in cultural dynamics changes the undercurrents of doing business in Japan. A major change is going to be retention of employees. This is due to the switch from collectivism to individualism and the decrease in personal identification based on company strata in conjunction with decreased company loyalty. The implication of this is companies are going to have to build their HR departments and find ways to lower employee turnover to reduce training costs. However if trends continue the average worker is going to have an increased understanding of a wide range of markets due to numerous career changes whic h allow firms access to a greater number of ideas to cope with increasingly dynamic business conditions. If companies want to optimise the new cultural principles of lowered uncertainty avoidance and the shift towards individualism they are going to have to encourage new product development and add funding to research and development. (Reid, 1999) Panasonic have already identified this and moving towards a greater number of policies in this area. Panasonic have also identified the lack of traditional aspects in the business environment and have implemented policies such as; bonuses based on performance and the new employment package plans. (Hill, 2011) If uncertainty avoidance and individualism continue to increase to Western levels there may be an increase in start-up companies which would increase competition in the market and possibly decrease the market share of existing companies. These changes could also have been influenced by a greater presence of western culture within Japa nese society. However there could be the adverse effect of decreased productivity attributed to a decrease in the number of employees having a personal identification with the company, decreased loyalty as well as a move away from reciprocal obligation and towards entitlement. This also works in the opposite direction and companies may not feel loyalty or obligation to Japanese employees and instead off-shore operations to lower wage countries in order to increase margins. (Reid, 1999) Between 1986 and 1989 there was a rapid acceleration of asset prices in Japan. This also caused uncontrolled credit expansion and money supply in addition with overheated economic activity. Due to speculation and overconfidence of asset prices, the asset prices began to drop in 1991 and collapsed by 1992. The asset bubble collapse lasted for more than 10 years and was generally referred to as the lost decade for Japan. This also led to economic stagnation and as result of lower net income Japanese families decided to pay off debts which caused a deflation spiral. (The Economist, 2010) Since these events the Japanese economy has struggled to recover. Even though recent decisions by the Japanese government has caused the Nikkei to recover slightly it is currently roughly a third of the value it was in 1990. Currently the cash rate in Japan is 0% which means that changing monetary policy cannot increase GDP. This means that for Japan to obtain a substantial increase in GDP it has to increase its goods market. Japan has a debt to GDP ratio of 214% which is the highest in the world. (US CIA, 2013) Therefore an increase in consumption, investment or net exports is needed to advance Japans economy. Panasonic as well as a number of other companies have realised this and has moved to encourage individualism. Individualism encourages entrepreneurship which currently could boost the Japanese economy if successful new product development takes place. (Saito, 2000) The traditional Japanese culture was a benefit to Panasonic during the period of 1950 to 1980. A group orientated culture assisted with strong teamwork between employees allowing greater productivity within the workplace. Due to the element of reciprocal obligation in the Confucian value system policies such as lifetime employment and cheap housing were seen as gifts and in reciprocation of these gifts employees worked harder. Loyalty played a large part in building strong business performance, this is because employees would stay in a business for the entirety of their career so they were able it learn all aspects of the business and better manage it. This amongst other factors also lead to identification with the business by employees, instead of saying â€Å"I am a web developer† they would say â€Å"I am from Panasonic†. This identification encouraged employees to work harder so that their company would succeed. A high uncertainty avoidance allowed managers to only take a calculated risk when the needed to, which reduced the companies liabilities. (Strath, 1996) However even though the traditional Japanese culture was a benefit to Panasonic in the period of 1950 to 1980 it was a liability post 1989. Even though Confucian values encourage team work and other positive attributes it discourages individualism. During this time period due to the economic crisis in Japan Panasonic would if benefited more from an entrepreneurial drive towards new product development. A high uncertainty avoidance also meant that managers were not willing to take risks unless they knew what the outcome was going to be, due to the economic pressures and heightened pace of change within the business community managers were less likely to change things in an environment where the only way to survive is change. During this time period business was becoming more dynamic due to globalisation and increased competitors which meant that Panasonic needed to change its strategy, however managers did not know how to do this because they had only ever worked in the one company an d only knew one way of doing things. Panasonic alike other Japanese companies eventually had to lay people off and cut benefits due to economic conditions. These acts were seen as a dismissing employee’s loyalty and to a point betrayal due to the strong identification with the company which caused productivity changes. (Huffman, 1997) In the last financial year Panasonic recorded a loss of 754 billion dollars and forecasts a loss of 765 billion dollars next financial year. Even though there is no best culture for a business environment, Japanese companies including Panasonic are move towards integrating the current cultural changes into their practices in order to achieve greater efficiency and productivity. The question is will Japanese culture continue along its current trends or do an about face? (Panasonic, 2013) References Hill, Challes. 2011. Gobal Business Today. 7th Edition. McGraw-Hill. Pp 125-128 Hofstede, Greet. 2013. Japan – Geert Hofstede. [ONLINE] Available at: http://geert-hofstede.com/japan.html. [Accessed 24 August 2013]. Huffman, James. 1997. Modern Japan: An Encyclopedia of History, Culture, and Nationalism (Garland Reference Library of the Humanities). Edition. Routledge. The Economist (US). 2010. Japan syndrome, the future of Japan. ISSN 0013-0613 Volume 397, Issue 8709, p. 18 Reiner, Thomas. 1991. Legacies and Ambiguities: Postwar Fiction and Culture in West Germany and Japan. 1 Edition. Woodrow Wilson Center Press. Panasonic. 2013. Annual Report. [ONLINE] Available at: http://panasonic.net/ir/annual/. [Accessed 26 August 2013]. Panasonic. 2013. Global Network – Panasonic. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.panasonic.com/global/global-network.html. [Accessed 22 August 2013]. Reid, David. 1999. Changes in Japan’s Post-Bubble Business Environment: Implications for For eign-Afflilated Companies. Journal of International Marketing, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 38-63 Saito, Mitsuo. 2000. The Japanese Economy (Economic Ideas Leading to the 21st Century). Edition. World Scientific Pub Co Inc. Smits, Gregory. 2010. Economic Thought in Early Modern Japan (Monies, Markets, and Finance in East Asia, 1600-1900). Edition. Brill Academic Pub. Strath, Bo. 1996. The Organization of Labour Markets: Modernity, Culture and Governance in Germany, Sweden, Britain and Japan (Routledge Explorations in Economic History). annotated edition Edition. Routledge. United States Central Intelligence Agency. 2013. The World Factbook, Public Debt. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2186rank.html. [Accessed 22 August 2013].

Organizational Behavior Study Guide Essay

Organizational Behavior – is the understanding of how organizations work and how to have people perform efficiently. It is extracted from different areas of study, and is interested in how these fields are integrated into workplace behavior. Basic Leadership Model – knowledge of OB x behavioral skills = leadership effectiveness Organizational Behavior – 1) individual level is where members make sense of the world and derive motivation. 2) how teams function. How they deal, ethical decision making, and power politics. 3) Organizational level – how the firm is structured, selecting developing talent, creating sustaining a culture, manage change. Behavioral skills – facilitate team decision making, effective communication, effective negotiation, use power wisely, and managers organization change. Organization change over time – theories become more complex and and yet more accurate but they are harder to apply since they are all based on the situation and culture limits the applicability of these theories also. Pre 20 century – work was done from home/crafts, orgs were military and church, Adam Smith division of labor and theories of use of machinery to save labor costs. 1900 – industrialism and mass production using division of labor. 1920 – scientific management fred taylor: cult of efficiency task analysis, standardization, pay by performance, training, and systemic selection. Classical management: Henry Fayle: PODSC: planning, organizing, directing, staffing, and controlling. Unity of command: one leader, specialization: doing one activity and people got good at it so replacing was easy. Scalar chain: the yields of an output TxC input multiplied by constant. Span of control: how many subordinates under control. During this time was 5 to 7 now its over 20. 1930 – Hawthorne studies by Elton mayo. Findings were that interaction in the test group had increased productivity; feelings and supervision had big effect in production. Informal groups also were formed due to interaction. 1940 –group dynamics: when teams made their own decisions they required more information to be shared with employees and yet this was complex but made them have a sense of commitment to the job. Bureaucracy with Max Weber: job descriptions, specific responsibility, written rules, right of appeal, fair and equal treatment and managing became a profession to learn. 1950- Task leaders were only concerned with accomplishing the task. Social leaders were concerned with employees. Limits to rationality suffice rather than maximize. There is a limit of how much info. You can absorb. Gordon Howell: it asked for professionalism and more scientific knowledge. 1960,1970-Systems thinking environment and organization explaining and predicting behavior. Contingency thinking variables on factors. Leadership is contingent on many factors. 1980 and now – Mckribbin porter studies asked for more communication, and social skills and cultural diversity. Leader-awareness will make a better leader. Biographical traits, personality, attitudes and values, ability influences your perception and motives. And perception and motivation influence productivity, absence, turnover, and satisfaction. When hiring: skills, attitudes and values, and personality are looked at if you fit in the organization and see how well you work in teams. People who don’t fit in will have low performance high absenteeism/turnover. Age-older people are less likely to be absent for avoidable reasons and more likely to be absent for unavoidable reasons. (such as illness). Older people have les employment opportunities. Their job provides them with higher wages and pension benefits. Productivity there is no relation with age. Positive satisfaction 60+. Gender- no gender differences and no differences in productivity. Women are more likely to be absent because of children. Marital status- in general married people are more stable, brings job to be more valuable, fewer absence and turnover rates, more satisfied. Tenure – people who have been around for a long while are likely to stay and there is decreased turnover. Tenure on previous jobs help predict employees future turnover. Promotes conveys loyalty. Extra experience leads to increased productivity. Ability – skills that individual posses. Intellectual ability: mental activities, thinking, reasoning and problem solving. Those individuals who have a high intellectual ability and work at jobs that do not challenge them become bored and lack motivation. Physical ability: require physical traits for some jobs. Emotional intelligence: self awareness becoming aware of yourself and your areas of strength. Self management working without constant supervision. Self motivated ability to persist if there is setbacks or failures, social skills the ability to deal with others and their emotions, empathy ability to sense how others are feeling. Emotional intelligence affects job performance as employees can relate to each other. Cultural Values – experiences learned that shape our behavior. High low power distance: how equal or unequal you are between others in your society, u.s is low/democratic. Uncertainity avoidance: preferring structure than unstructured. Cognitive dissoance: when there is a conflicting emotion or tension after making a decision. Refers to any incompatibility than an individual might perceive between two or more if his or her attitudes, or between his or her behavior and attitudes. Personality – heredity, environment, situations determine personality. Locus of control: the degree to which people believe they are masters of their own fate. When we succeed we take credit for it, but when we fail, we blame others. Internals: in control of our destiny and are more satisfied and fewer absences. Externals: believe their lives are controlled by outside forces higher absences and less satisfaction. Extroversion: social, assertive. Introverted: reserved, timid. Machiavellianism: pragmatic, emotional distant, ends justify means, aggressive tactics. High mach’s: less persuaded, win more, manipulate more, flourish face to face and when there’s no rules. Self esteem: more confidence, higher risk takers. Self monitoring: ability to adjust to external behavior and situations. High Self monitors: aware of outside cues, and put on faces. Perceptions-input gives meaning to surrounding. Influenced by perceiver: attitudes, motives, interests, experiences, expectations. Target: motion, size, background, similarity. Situation: time, work, social. We judge people to find a behavior based on motives and interests. Attribution Theory- Attribution theory- Tries to explain the ways in which we judge people differently, depending on the meaning we attribute to a given behavior. We attempt to determine if a given behavior is internally or externally caused. Assessed by 3 factors: Distinctiveness- whether an individual displays different behaviors in different situations. Consensus- is his response unique or expected from everyone in a similar situation? Consistency- does the person respond the same way over time? Fundamental attribution error- The tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the internal factors when making judgments about others’ behaviors. Self-serving bias- The tendency for individuals to atribute their own successes to internal factors and blame failures on external factors. Frequently used shortcuts in judging others: Selective perception- The tendency to selectively interpret what one sees on the basis of one’s interest, background, experience, and attitudes. Halo effect- the tendency to draw a general impression about an individual on a basis of a single characteristic. â€Å"he is all good and nothing bad† or vice versa. Contrast effect- Evaluation of a person’s characteristics that is affected by comparison with other people recently encountered who rank higher or lower on the same characteristic. Ie. Someone being assessed right after an expert or someone that does a bad job will affect how you view that person. Stereotyping- Judging someone on the basis of one’s perception of the group to which that person belongs.Profiling/Stereotyping- A form of stereotyping in which a group of individuals is singed out- typically on basis of race, ethnicity- for intensive inquiry, scrutiny, or investigation.Self- fulfilling prophecy- a situation in which a person inaccurately perceives a second person, and the resulting expectations cause the second person to behave in ways consistent with the original perception. Motivation- how much effort an individual puts forth to achieve organizational goals. Performance = motivation, ability, opportunity. Learning Theory – environment determines an individuals behavior. Law of Effect(operant conditioning, or reinforcement theory) behavior is a function of its consequences. People got to learn to behave a way to get what the want. Shaping Behavior- individuals behavior is shaped by rewarding each successive step that moves them closer to a desired response. Positive reinforcement: following a desired response with something pleasant, negative: following a response by termination or withdrawal of something unpleasant. Punishment: causing an unpleasant condition to eliminate an undesirable behavior. Extinction: eliminating any reinforcement that maintains behavior. Applied: Well pay vs sick pay, lotteries, and recognition programs. Need Theory- the individual is in control of changing behavior and not the environment. Maslows Hierarchy: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. From Low to high. 1. Physiological- food, water, shelter, bodily needs 2. Safety- protection from emotional and physical harm 3. Social- affection, belongingness, friends 4. Esteem- self respect, autonomy, recognition, attention 5. Self actualization- achieving full potential, growth As each need becomes satisfied the next need becomes dominant. A substantial satisfied need no longer motivates. High order needs: internally satisfied such as social , esteem, and self actualization. Low order needs: externally and psycho and safety needs. Extrinsic rewards such as pay tends to decrease motivation for something that was intrinsically rewarding. Extrinsic rewards given to someone performing an interesting task causes interest in the task. Two factor theory: intrinsic factors such as advancement, recognition, responsibility, and achievement, are related to job satisfaction and extrinsic factors such as supervision, pay, company policies, and working conditions are associated with dissatisfaction. Hygiene factors – these factors are conditions surrounding the job â€Å"low order needs† and people complain about and in order to motivate people on the job hertzburg suggests to emphasize characteristics that people find intrinsically rewarding. Equity Theory- comparison of outcomes such as rewards and promotions, to inputs such as effort, skills, experience, and knowledge to others in the organization and then respond to eliminate any inequities. Inequity (under rewarded) low performance and over rewarded performance will increase. Job enrichment (vertical)- is the vertical expansion of jobs, increasing the degree to which the worker controls the planning, execution, and evaluation of his or her work. Expanding jobs vertically gives employees the opportunities, responsibilities, and controls that were previously reserved for management. Autonomy, feed back results, feedback channel, and recognizes individuals desire to grow. Job enlargement (horizontal)- is the idea to expand jobs, more tasks to work with, broaden the job. Skill variety, task identity: seeing the job getting fully done, task significance allows employees to form natural work units where asks they perform create meaningful whole. Employee Involvement Programs- allows orgs to focus on areas their workers know best. Gives sense of belonging, power, information, attitudes/values, and rewards move down the org, allows high needs to be satisfied, becoming motivated, committed, performance up, and satisfied. Line of sight: things way too far away that decreased motivation. Expectancy Theory- belief that an employee will be motivated to exert effort when it will lead to good performance then reward and hence satisfy its goals. Developed by Victor Vroom. Expectancy (effort – performance) belief That effort will lead to good performance. Skills experience and performance clarity is satisfied. Instrumentality (performance – reward) belief that good performance will lead to desired outcomes. Valence (reward – personal goal) the degree to which org. rewards will satisfy your needs and how attractive they are intrinsic and extrinsic. Effort to perform = expectancy, instrumental, valance. Gain Sharing- a formula based on group incentive plan. Focuses on productivity cost saving rather than profits. Relies less on extrinsic factors. Gain can happen without profit. Skill based pay- pay levels are based on how many skills employees have. Technical, managerial, and social. Provides flexibility to perform diff. tasks and skills are interchangeable. Facilitates communication between people to gain better understanding of the jobs. Downside, no promotions and there are limitations to how much you can learn before you top out. Timed training rotation: periodic shifting of an employee from one task to another. When employee becomes not challenged the employee is changed to maintain motivation levels high. Trait Theory- differs leaders from non-leaders. By looking at personal qualities to traits. Works well when in no structure or ambiguous teams. Leaders are born not made. Emergence of leadership rather than the leaders effect on performance. They have to be ambitious, energy, honesty, integrity, high self monitors. However, the theory may not work because fails to clarify the importance of different traits. Not a clear cause and effect relationship. Behavior Theories- assumes that leaders can be trained and the goal here is to develop potential leaders. The problem with these theories is that effective behaviors do not generalize across situations. Ohio studies: 2 dimensions: initiating structure: extent to which a leader is likely to define goals and expectations. Leaders focus is task. Consideration: the extent to which a leader has a relation with employees, trust, respect for ideas, and feelings. The leader is people oriented and focused on the employees.

Free Essays on Bloody Chamber

In this essay I will be comparing and contrasting the two female agents in the stories ‘The Tigers Bride ´ and ‘The Werewolf ´ in regards to the post-modern feminism of our times. Initially in ‘The Tigers Bride ´ a father looses her daughter (beauty) to The Beast in a game of cards. Obviously Beauty resents her father for this act, this is shown in, â€Å"My father said he loved me yet he staked his daughter on a hand of cards.† Whereas in ‘The Werewolf ´ the young daughter is also put at risk by her mother, when she is asked to take her grandmother some cakes through a dangerous forest. Both of the female characters are exposed to danger in the beginning of the stories In this day and age it is questionable if these females would strictly follow the commands of their parents and also due to equality they would be allowed to decide for themselves. It would seem that both females would encounter instant misery yet this is not the case. Even though both characters are faced with danger they still continue instead of fleeing. In Comparison beauty follows The Beast to his retreat, while the young daughter in ‘The Werewolf ´ goe s through the dangerous forest. They both show a degree of bravery that can be seen as a postmodern feminist thought. Both characters control and confront their fears on their own personal terms. Beauty confronts the beast when they both expose their naked bodies to one another and the laws associated with identity and fear collapse. Whereas the young girl physically confronts her fears by cutting off the hand of the werewolf when she is attacked. A woman confronting her fears and succeeding no matter what can also be seen as post modern feminism. Ironically in the end beauty has the dominant character in respect to the male character, as the heroine is mentally strong, in control, and she actively orchestrates her situation on her own terms. Strangely the entire main characters in ‘The W... Free Essays on Bloody Chamber Free Essays on Bloody Chamber In this essay I will be comparing and contrasting the two female agents in the stories ‘The Tigers Bride ´ and ‘The Werewolf ´ in regards to the post-modern feminism of our times. Initially in ‘The Tigers Bride ´ a father looses her daughter (beauty) to The Beast in a game of cards. Obviously Beauty resents her father for this act, this is shown in, â€Å"My father said he loved me yet he staked his daughter on a hand of cards.† Whereas in ‘The Werewolf ´ the young daughter is also put at risk by her mother, when she is asked to take her grandmother some cakes through a dangerous forest. Both of the female characters are exposed to danger in the beginning of the stories In this day and age it is questionable if these females would strictly follow the commands of their parents and also due to equality they would be allowed to decide for themselves. It would seem that both females would encounter instant misery yet this is not the case. Even though both characters are faced with danger they still continue instead of fleeing. In Comparison beauty follows The Beast to his retreat, while the young daughter in ‘The Werewolf ´ goe s through the dangerous forest. They both show a degree of bravery that can be seen as a postmodern feminist thought. Both characters control and confront their fears on their own personal terms. Beauty confronts the beast when they both expose their naked bodies to one another and the laws associated with identity and fear collapse. Whereas the young girl physically confronts her fears by cutting off the hand of the werewolf when she is attacked. A woman confronting her fears and succeeding no matter what can also be seen as post modern feminism. Ironically in the end beauty has the dominant character in respect to the male character, as the heroine is mentally strong, in control, and she actively orchestrates her situation on her own terms. Strangely the entire main characters in ‘The W...